Greater mortality variability in the United States in comparison with peer countries

Richard G. Rogers; Robert A. Hummer; Justin M. Vinneau; Elizabeth M. Lawrence

doi:10.4054/DemRes.2020.42.36

Volume 42 - Article 36 | Pages 1039–1056

Greater mortality variability in the United States in comparison with peer countries

By Richard G. Rogers, Robert A. Hummer, Justin M. Vinneau, Elizabeth M. Lawrence

Date received:

6 Sep 2019

Date published:

9 Jun 2020

Word count:

2495

Keywords:

Human Mortality Database (HMD), international comparison, life expectancy, mortality

DOI:

10.4054/DemRes.2020.42.36

Supplementary Material:

42-36 Additional Material (pdf file, 197 kB)

Download PDF
Submit a Response Letter

Abstract

Background: Over the past several decades, US mortality declines have lagged behind other high-income countries. However, scant attention has been devoted to how US mortality variability compares with other countries.

Objective: We examine trends in mortality and mortality variability in the US and 16 peer countries from 1980 through 2016.

Methods: We employ the Human Mortality Database and demographic techniques – with a focus on patterns in the interquartile (IQR), interdecile (IDR), and intercentile (ICR) ranges of survivorship – to better understand US mortality and mortality variability trends in comparative perspective.

Results: Compared to other high-income countries, the US: (1) mortality ranking has slipped for nearly all age groups; (2) is losing its old age mortality advantage; (3) has seen growth in relative age-specific mortality gaps from infancy through midlife; and (4) exhibits greater concentrations of deaths from infancy through adulthood, resulting in much greater mortality variability.

Conclusions: We contribute to calls for renewed attention to the relatively low and lagging US life expectancy. The ICR draws particular attention to the comparatively high US early and midlife mortality.

Contribution: We find comparatively high variability in US mortality. Further reductions in early and midlife mortality could diminish variability, reduce years of potential life lost, and increase life expectancy. Consistent with previous research, we encourage policymakers to focus on reducing the unacceptably high early and midlife mortality in the US. And we urge researchers to more frequently monitor and track mortality variation in conjunction with mortality rates and life expectancy estimates.

Author's Affiliation

Richard G. Rogers - University of Colorado Boulder, United States of America EMAIL
Robert A. Hummer - University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America EMAIL
Justin M. Vinneau - University of Colorado Boulder, United States of America EMAIL
Elizabeth M. Lawrence - University of Nevada, Las Vegas, United States of America EMAIL